Almanac for 2026 · No. 10 · Autumn, October

Curamenti

A slow almanac of the fly rod

The journal · On the water

Small Streams: Fishing Water You Can Step Across

A brook two metres wide asks for a short rod, a short leader and a great deal of kneeling. It gives back more than its size suggests.

· 4 minute read · 889 words

Leave the nine-foot rod in the car. On a brook you can step across, almost everything you have learned on bigger water is too long, too heavy or too far away. The fish are small, wild and close; a trout of 25 cm is a good one, and it is lying four metres from your boots in water you could mistake for a puddle. Small-stream fishing is hunting more than casting, and it rewards the angler who moves slowly and fishes short.

Tackle cut down to size

ItemChoiceReason
Rod6–7 ft, for a 2 or 3 weight lineFits under branches and bends properly with two metres of line out
LineFloating, 2 or 3 weightLands lightly; most casts use only the front few metres
Leader7–8 ft overallTurns over in a tunnel of alder; a 12 ft leader will not
Tippet5X (0.15 mm), or 4X (0.18 mm) among rootsStrong enough to pull a fly free from a twig
FliesSizes 14–16, barblessSmall fish, small mouths, quick release
A sensible outfit for streams one to three metres wide under trees.

A leader of 7–8 ft is simple to make: buy a 7.5 ft tapered leader and replace the last 50 cm with fresh tippet when it shortens. Carry one small box. A buoyant dry such as an Elk Hair Caddis or a Parachute Adams covers most days from May to September, with a Klinkhamer for broken pockets and a lightly weighted Pheasant Tail for the deeper holes. Add forceps, a spool of tippet and something to dry the fly, and that is the whole kit.

Upstream, on your knees

Always fish upstream. Trout face the current, so you come at them from behind, and the silt your boots disturb drifts away below you and not through the water you are about to fish. Stay out of the stream where you can and walk the bank, well back from the edge. Tread softly: on a small brook, footfalls on a hollow bank reach the fish before you do.

Then get low. A trout looks up through a round window in the surface that is a little over twice as wide as the fish is deep, and anything standing tall on the bank shows at its edge. A fish lying 30 cm down in clear water will see a standing angler at six metres and a kneeling one hardly at all. Kneel for every cast. Knee pads, or waders with reinforced knees, are the most useful small-stream purchase after the rod.

the windowmirrormirror97°blind zone
Fig. 1. The trout’s cone of vision and the blind zone behind it. Approach from downstream and keep below the edge of the window.

Two casts for tight places

There is seldom room behind you, so the overhead cast is the exception. The roll cast does most of the work: draw the rod back slowly until the line hangs in a curve behind your shoulder with the fly still on the water, then tap the rod forward and stop it high. With a short rod and four metres of line it needs no back cast at all, and tilted sideways it will slide the fly under a low branch.

Where even that is impossible, use the bow-and-arrow cast.

  1. Let out line and leader to about the length of the rod and a little more. Trap the line against the cork with your rod-hand forefinger.
  2. Take the fly by the bend of the hook between thumb and forefinger of the other hand, point facing away from you.
  3. Point the rod at the target and draw the fly back beside your ear until the top third of the rod is bent in a deep curve.
  4. Keep the rod hand still and let go of the fly. The rod straightens and throws the leader out in a tight loop.
  5. Follow the fly down with the rod tip and be ready at once. The take often comes within a second.

It reaches three to four metres, which on a brook is usually enough.

One or two casts per pocket

Small-stream trout live where food is scarce and decide quickly. If a fish is at home and has not seen you, it will usually take on the first good drift. So give each pocket one cast, two at most, and move on. Ten casts into the same bucket of water only teach the fish above it that something is wrong.

On a brook the first cast into each pocket is the one that counts; the tenth only warns the fish above.

  • Plunge pools. Fish the tail first, then the seams on either side of the white water, and last of all the foam at the head.
  • Pockets behind stones. A drift of half a metre is enough. Hold the rod high so only the leader touches the water.
  • Undercut bends. Drop the fly a hand’s width from the bank and let the current take it under.
  • Shallow glides. The hardest water on the stream. Stay furthest back here and cast from the longest range you can manage.

Strike with a short lift, or you will put the fly in the branches. Then keep moving. A mile of brook in a morning, a cast or two to each likely place, is the right pace, and every fish goes back from wet hands in a few seconds. These streams hold only as many trout as they can feed.

See also

Read alongside

Entries that pick up where this one stops.

  1. Fieldcraft

    Approaching Unseen

    A trout sees the world above it through a small round window, and it feels the bank before it sees you. Fieldcraft begins with knowing how both of those work.

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  2. Method

    The Upstream Dry Fly: One Fish, One Cast

    A floating fly cast up to a rising trout is the simplest method there is, and the least forgiving. Most of it is decided before the line leaves the rod.

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  3. Casting

    Casting Faults and Their Cures

    Five things go wrong with a fly cast, and each has a plain mechanical cause. Ten minutes on a lawn with a scrap of wool will mend most of them.

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